Kukula kwa maginito a neodymium

Maginito a Neodymium adutsa njira yodabwitsa yachitukuko pazaka zambiri. Maginito okhazikika awa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti maginito a NdFeB, amapangidwa kuchokera ku neodymium, iron, ndi boron. Amadziwika ndi mphamvu zawo zapadera, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala otchuka m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, zamagetsi, ndi magalimoto.

Kukula kwa maginito a neodymium kudayamba m'ma 1970, pomwe adapezeka ndi ofufuza. Maginitowa adatchuka mwachangu chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zamaginito zapamwamba poyerekeza ndi maginito ena. Komabe, kupanga kwawo malonda sikunayambe mpaka zaka za m'ma 1980, pamene asayansi adapeza njira yochotsera zitsulo za neodymium motsika mtengo.

Pambuyo pake, kupanga maginito a neodymium kwakhala njira yopitilira yomwe cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa mphamvu zawo, kukhazikika, komanso kusinthasintha. Chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri chinali kukhazikitsidwa kwa maginito a sintered neodymium, omwe anayamba kupangidwa m'ma 1980. Maginitowa amapangidwa potenthetsa ndi kukanikiza ufa wa neodymium, iron, ndi boron kukhala wolimba.

Njirayi idapereka kusintha kwakukulu kwamphamvu kwa maginito, kuwapangitsa kukhala amphamvu komanso otsika mtengo. Maginito a Sintered neodymium amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maginito ambiri a neodymium, kuyambira pazitseko kupita ku masitima othamanga kwambiri ndi ma turbine amphepo.

Kupititsa patsogolo kupanga maginito a neodymium kunaphatikizapo kuyambitsa njira zatsopano zopangira. Njira imodzi yotereyi ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina a alloying, omwe amasakaniza zinthu zitatu za neodymium, chitsulo, ndi boron ndikupanga timbewu tating'ono ta crystalline, kuonjezera mphamvu ya maginito.
Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza apanga njira zopangira mafilimu opyapyala a maginito a neodymium pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa sputtering. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito ku gawo lapansi pomwe neodymium, chitsulo, ndi boron zimayikidwa mu zigawo zoonda. Ukadaulo uwu umalola kusinthasintha kwa mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa maginito, makamaka pankhani ya ma microelectronics.

Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakupanga maginito a neodymium ndikutha kuwapangitsa kukhala okonda zachilengedwe. Zopangira zakale zidaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapoizoni komanso zowononga chilengedwe, monga zitsulo zolemera, zomwe zimatha kuwononga komanso kuwononga thanzi. Masiku ano, opanga amagwiritsa ntchito zida zina ndi njira zopangira zomwe zimachepetsa kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kwa maginito a neodymium.

Maginito a Neodymium akuwoneka kuti akuthandizira kwambiri pakukula kwaukadaulo padziko lonse lapansi. Mphamvu zawo zazikulu ndi kukula kwake kocheperako zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku zida zamankhwala ndi zamagetsi ogula mpaka magalimoto amphamvu ongowonjezwdwa ndi ndege.
Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito maginito a neodymium kukukulirakulira pamene ukadaulo watsopano umatuluka. Kupangidwa kwa maginitowa kukupitirirabe pamene asayansi akuyesetsa kukulitsa mphamvu zawo ndi kuzipangitsa kukhala zamphamvu kwambiri, zogwira mtima, komanso zotsika mtengo.

Ponseponse, kukula kwa maginito a neodymium kwafika patali kuyambira pomwe adapezeka. Ndi kupita patsogolo kopitilira muyeso, maginitowa akuyembekezeka kuchitapo kanthu kwambiri mtsogolo mwaukadaulo, motero amawapanga kukhala gawo lotsogola kwambiri masiku ano.